Nineteenth-century dancing lessons

A professor's passion reveals how one learned to dance in Jane Austen's day.

The children in The Dancing Lesson, Pt. 2 are learning the minuet. The dancing master plays a pochette, a pocket violin. The girl at back stands in a narrow box called a tourne hanche–or, in English, a hip turner, turn-out boards, or the torture box–to train her feet to point at a wide angle, in genteel fashion, as do those of the dancers and the master himself. The hand-colored etching is by famed caricaturist George Cruikshank and depicts a moment from London’s social-dancing scene in 1824.

The etching is part of the vast collections in opera, ballet, operetta, musical theater, and popular song and dance from Elizabethan times to the present assembled by Mason professor of music emeritus John M. Ward and the late Ruth Neils Ward and given to the Harvard Theatre Collection, the Loeb Music Library, and the Houghton Library. “Professor Ward’s approach is comprehensive,” says Fredric W. Wilson, curator of the Theatre Collection. “If there are 13 editions of an opera, ideally he’d like to have all of them and maybe more than one copy of some. This is wonderful for researchers.” The Wards have demonstrated, Harvard University Library director Robert Darnton has written, “that collecting itself is a vital form of scholarship.”

At 92, John Ward is still avidly collecting—and giving. Moreover, he provides financial support for two library catalogers who try to keep up with the incoming flow not only of scores and scripts, but also of documentation about actual performances and the audiences who heard, saw, and responded to them. 

Ward is interested both in music and in what people do with it. One thing they did in the post-Napoleonic-wars era in Britain was to disport themselves in the quadrille, a dance for four couples in square formation that allowed of many variations. Paine of Almack’s Quadrilles (London, c. 1815), at left, was a deck of gilt-edged cards providing reminders of the steps for many of the intricate variations on the theme. Each card is punctured at top, to be strung around the wrist. Andrea Cawelti, one of the Ward catalogers, explains: “At a ball, the dances were often not set ahead of time, and couples might not know until the last minute which dance was to be played. I can imagine the anxiety a participant might feel to excel, in a time when you were often judged by your dancing skill. A young person’s entire future might seem to hang on the ability to make a good impression.”

Read more articles by Christopher Reed

You might also like

George Washington’s Sash on Display at Peabody Museum

A famous American fashion statement helps bring Revolutionary history to life.

Lafayette’s Unexpected Gift to George Washington: Pheasants

The two birds will be on display at Harvard this summer.

AI Hunts For Stolen Harvard Coins

A museum curator and a computer scientist track down ancient coins taken in a legendary heist.

Most popular

AI Outperforms Doctors in Emergency Room Tasks, New Harvard Study Shows

Researchers say the technology could help physicians with triage, diagnosis.

Harvard Awards Teaching and Mentoring Prizes

Harvard College and GSAS recognize outstanding faculty contributors.

Martin Nowak Placed on Leave a Second Time

Further links to Jeffrey Epstein surface in newly released files.

Explore More From Current Issue

Historical scene in colonial Boston depicting British soldiers confronting civilians, with smoke rising, in a city street.

Houghton Library Displays Revolution-era News and Propaganda

A new exhibit reveals how early Americans learned about the war.

White House and Harvard University buildings split diagonally with contrasting colors.

Harvard Weathers a Year of Turmoil

The federal government has launched unprecedented actions against the University. Here’s a guide.

Woman with long hair, smiling, wearing a black sweater, in a textured beige background.

For This Poet, AI is a Writing Partner

Sasha Stiles trained a chatbot on her manuscripts. Now, her poems rewrite themselves.