Tasmanian crocoite at the Harvard Museum of Natural History

What lead, chromium, and oxygen can do

Crocoite from the Adelaide Mine in Tasmania

[extra:Extra]

See more specimens from the Harvard Museum of Natural History's mineralogical collections.

Among the 3,200 rocks on display at the Harvard Museum of Natural History's Mineralogical Museum and the tens of thousands more in drawersare many dazzlers, including this lead chromate piece, about 10 inches wide, called crocoite. The name comes from the Greek krokos, meaning "saffron," a reference to the bright red-orange color of the mineral, which typically forms prismatic crystals sometimes two or more inches in length.

Nature makes this eye candy by infiltrating veins of oxidized lead with chromium- bearing fluids. Its chemical formula is PbCrO4. The mineral is of little economic value but has been used in paint. The man-made color chrome yellow has the same chemical formula, although crocoite is far prettier than any school bus. The mineral was first described scientifically after its discovery in the 1760s in Berezovskoe, a gold-mining district on the east slope of Russia's Ural Mountains. Frank Mihajlowits mined the specimen below in the 1970s at the Adelaide Mine in the Dundas area of Tasmania, Australia, where the crocoite most coveted by collectors is found. "Specimens from Berezovskoe typically lie flat on a buff-colored sandstone," says Carl A. Francis, associate curator of the Mineralogical Museum, "so they don't have the aesthetic appeal of the specimens from Dundas." Harvard also has crocoite from Minas Gerais, Brazil; Saxony, Germany; and Otjozondjupa, Namibia, but Tasmania takes the prize.

In 2000, that state's governor, the Honorable Sir Guy Stephen Montague Green, proclaimed the adoption of crocoite as the mineral emblem of Tasmania. Reporting the event, the Tasmanian Government Gazette called specimens of crocoite "amongst nature's most brilliant creations" and "amongst the most beautiful objects to originate underground."

Read more articles by Christopher Reed

You might also like

What of the Humble Pencil?

Review: At the Harvard Art Museums’ new exhibit, drawing takes center stage

A Paper House in Massachusetts

The 1920s Rockport cottage reflects resourceful ingenuity.

This Connecticut Mine Was Once a Prison

The underground Old New-Gate Prison quickly became “a school for crime.”

Most popular

Is the Constitution Broken?

Harvard legal scholars debate the state of our founding national document.

Two Years of Doxxing at Harvard

What happens when students are publicly named and shamed for their views?

How MAGA Went Mainstream at Harvard

Trump, TikTok, and the pandemic are reshaping Gen Z politics.

Explore More From Current Issue

Colorful illustration of woman multitasking with laptop, baby bottle, toy, and checklist.

Motherhood and Ambition in a Pronatalist World

Gen Z is confronting the age-old question of balance—with a new twist.

Will Makris in blue checkered suit and red patterned tie standing outdoors by stone column.

A New HAA President at a Tumultuous Time

A career in higher ed inspired Will Makris to give back.

Vivian W. Rong sitting on bench outdoors.

Highlighting Harvard Magazine’s Fellows

The 2025-2026 Ledecky and Summer Undergraduate Fellows